The Era of Omar ibn al-Khattab: A Study of the Policies Implemented

Abstract

This study examines, first, the new policy of ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb regarding state stipends (ʿaṭāʾ), identifying its foundations and comparing it with the system that existed during the caliphate of his predecessor, Abu Bakr al-Siddiq. It then explores the main features of ʿUmar’s approach to the administration of conquered lands and to those whose hearts had been reconciled (al-muʾallafah qulūbuhum). Finally, the study analyzes the issue of ʿUmar’s permission for former apostates who had returned to Islam to participate in the Islamic conquests.