Negotiating Islamic Identity in Secular Europe: A Maqāṣidī Framework for Second- and Third-Generation Muslim Minorities

Abstract

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This study examines the identity negotiation challenges faced by second- and third-generation Muslims belonging to minority communities in secular Europe. It proposes adopting a maqāṣidī (objectives-of-the-law) framework as a guiding paradigm for reconciling Islamic values with civic life in this context. A maqāṣidī-driven approach prioritizes the higher objectives and ethical principles of Sharīʿah—such as justice, compassion, and public welfare—over a strictly literal adherence to specific rulings. This approach enables contextual adaptation while preserving core faith commitments. By reframing Islamic practice around these universal goals, young European Muslims can better harmonize their religious identity with full participation in secular society.

The study also addresses issues of intergenerational cultural tension, pressures of assimilation, and the potential for isolationism or extremism. It illustrates how a purpose-centric interpretation of Sharīʿah can foster constructive integration and resilience in the face of these challenges. Comparative reflections on Muslim minority experiences in other regions (such as Southern Thailand) highlight the broader applicability of this maqāṣidī approach beyond the European context. Ultimately, the study concludes that grounding identity in the maqāṣid paradigm empowers Muslims to remain faithful to Islamic principles while thriving as equal citizens in secular societies.